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Information to Live By: Human Papillomavirus (HPV),
American Social Health Association:"How common is HPV?
In the United States, HPV is considered to be the most common sexually transmitted disease (STD). Some studies estimate that the majority of the sexually active population is exposed to at least one or more types of HPV - although most do not develop symptoms. Because HPV is so common and prevalent, a person does not need have to have a lot of sexual partners to come into contact with this virus." ******************************************************
Is there a treatment or cure for human papillomavirus? EngenderHealth:"There is currently no cure for human papillomavirus. Once an individual is infected, he or she carries the virus for life even if genital warts are removed. The development of a vaccine against HPV is under way, but is still not available.
If left untreated, some genital warts may regress on their own. There are a number of effective treatments for removing genital warts. According the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, none of the following treatments is better than the others, and more than one treatment may be needed to effectively remove warts." ******************************************************
Human Papillomavirus and the Risk of Cervical Cancer, HospitalPract.com:"Human papillomavirus (HPV) is now recognized as the driving force behind the dysregulation of the cell cycle that underlies cervical malignant transformation. Although nearly all cervical cancers contain HPV genomes, the vast majority of HPVs are not oncogenic but merely induce benign lesions. Because progressive abnormalities take at least a decade to develop into invasive cancers, young women with low-grade lesions can often be managed with watchful waiting rather than ablative therapy." ******************************************************
Testing for HPV (human papillomavirus), The HPVTest.com:"Testing for HPV (human papillomavirus), the primary cause of virtually all cervical cancer, is a more accurate way to detect cancer and pre-cancer than the current management strategy of repeating the Pap test following an ASC-US (borderline) or mildly abnormal Pap result." ******************************************************
Human papillomavirus (HPV), Illinois Department of Health:"Human papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the most common causes of sexually transmitted disease (STD) in the United States. It is estimated that as many as 40 million Americans are infected with the virus, and the incidence of the disease appears to be increasing. At least 70 types of HPV, some of which cause common skin warts, have been identified by scientists. About one-third of the HPV types can be spread through sexual contact and several can lead to genital warts, the most recognizable sign of genital infection. Certain types of HPV have been closely linked with the development of cervical cancer and other genital cancers." ******************************************************
Human papillomavirus (HPV), National Cervical Cancer Coalition:"A virus that is the cause of warts of the hands and feet, as well as lesions of the mucous membranes of the oral, anal and genital cavities. More than 50 types of HPV have been identified, some of which are associated with cancerous and precancerous conditions. The virus can be transmitted through sexual contact and is a precursor to cancer of the cervix. There is no specific cure for an HPV infection, but the virus often can be controlled by podophyllin (medicine derived from the roots of the plant Podophyllum peltatum) or interferon, and the warts can be removed by cryosurgery, laser treatment or conventional surgery. Some scientitsts believe HPV can "clear" out of the body." ******************************************************
How are genital warts diagnosed?, Human Papillomavirus and Genital Warts, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID):"A doctor or other health care worker usually can diagnose genital warts by seeing them on a patient. Women with genital warts also should be examined for possible HPV infection of the cervix.
The doctor may be able to identify some otherwise invisible warts in the genital tissue by applying vinegar (acetic acid) to areas of suspected infection. This solution causes infected areas to whiten, which makes them more visible, particularly if a procedure called colposcopy is performed. During colposcopy, the doctor uses a magnifying instrument to look at the vagina and cervix. In some cases, the doctor takes a small piece of tissue from the cervix and examines it under the microscope.
A Pap smear test also may indicate the possible presence of cervical HPV infection. In a Pap smear, a laboratory worker examines cells scraped from the cervix under a microscope to see if they are cancerous. If a woman’s Pap smear is abnormal, she might have an HPV infection. If a woman has an abnormal Pap smear, she should have her doctor examine her further to look for and treat any cervical problems." ******************************************************
A Controlled Trial of a Human Papillomavirus Type 16 Vaccine, New England Journal of Medicine:"Approximately 20 percent of adults become infected with human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16). Although most infections are benign, some progress to anogenital cancer. A vaccine that reduces the incidence of HPV-16 infection may provide important public health benefits." ******************************************************
Sample questions for my doctor (about HPV), Quest Diagnostics:"Am I at risk for becoming infected with HPV?
What are the symptoms of HPV? How will I know if I have HPV?
How can I avoid becoming infected with HPV?
What tests can be done to determine if I have an HPV infection? When will I know the results?
If I have an abnormal Pap test, does that mean I have cancer?
If I do have an HPV infection, what treatments are available? Is the treatment painful?
What are the chances of my sexual partner becoming infected?
What tests are done to determine if a man has HPV? What is the treatment for men?
Are there side effects to the treatment? Will the treatment keep me from developing cancer?
Once genital warts are removed, what are the chances I will get them again?
How does HPV affect pregnancy? Can a baby be affected during birth?" ******************************************************
STD Sequence Databases, Los Alamos National Laboratory Bioscience Division, University of California:"These specialized databases are an expansion of the human papillomavirus project funded by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), within the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda Maryland. The scope of the project now includes molecular information pertaining to sexually transmitted bacteria and viruses, but is not limited to molecular sequence data. It is anticipated that the database and analysis project will run for approximately five years starting in 1998, and therefore that its content will be continually expanding. In these specialized databases analysis and compilation go hand in hand." ****************************************************** ****************************************************** ****************************************************** For Health Information you can use, Follow, Connect, Like us on (Most Invites Accepted): http://www.nursefriendly.com/social/: Twitter! http://www.nursefriendly.com/twitter Blogger: http://4nursing.blogspot.com Facebook: http://www.nursefriendly.com/facebook Linked In: http://www.linkedin.com/in/nursefriendly Nursing Entrepreneurs, Nurses In Business, http://nursingentrepreneurs.ning.com/ Posterous.com, http://nursefriendly.posterous.com StumbleUpon, http://www.nursefriendly.com/stumbleupon
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