See Also: Burns Nursing, Commercial Vendors, Enteral Tube Feedings, Feeding Pumps with Pictures, Photos and Illustrations, Feeding Formulas, Heartburn, Esophagitis, Nutrition, Surgical Placement

Photo of an Actual Ulcer, Picture:
http://www-medlib.med.utah.edu/WebPath/GIHTML/GI110.html

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The Pyloric Sphincteric Cylinder in Health and Disease:"There has long been disagreement about various aspects of the structure and function of the "gatekeeper" (Greek pyloros, from pyle = gate and ouros = guard). In recent years the problem has often been mentioned in anatomy, physiology, gastroenterology, radiology and even in nuclear medicine. For instance, while referring to manometric and gastric emptying studies, Schuurkes and van Nuenten (1984) pointed out that there was considerable controversy as to whether a true pyloric sphincter existed in most species, and especially in man."
http://med.plig.org/

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Gastroenterology: Dyspepsia and Peptic Ulcer Disease, University of Iowa Family Practice Handbook, 3rd Edition, Chapter 4:"Predisposing factors for both duodenal and gastric ulcers include alcohol, tobacco, aspirin and other NSAIDS, and physiologic stress such as multiple trauma, sepsis, neurosurgical problems, other ICU stresses."
http://www.vh.org/Providers/ClinRef/FPHandbook/Chapter04/08-4.html

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Ulcerogenesis in Surgery for Obesity, Mason MD, Edward Eaton, NBSR Newsletter, WINTER 1995 Volume 10, Number 4:"Important relationships exist between the body of the stomach, antrum, and duodenum that protect both duodenal and stomal mucosa from ulceration. Operative disturbance of these relationships may lead to stomal and/or duodenal ulcers unless some counteracting measure(s) are taken. Devine(1) in Melbourn, Australia used antral exclusion in the treatment of large duodenal ulcers in 1928. Antral exclusion rapidly gained a world-wide reputation for producing stomal ulcers. Before gastric bypass was used in man, the operation was studied in laboratory animals to make certain that stomal ulcers would not result.(2) Gastric bypass included enough acid secreting mucosa to suppress gastrin secretion,(3) which was the cause of stomal ulcers after the antral exclusion operation of Devine."
http://www.surgery.uiowa.edu/nbsr/wi95.html

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Care Plans:

Alteration in Bowel Elimination: Diarrhea:
http://www.rncentral.com/careplans/plans/bed.html

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Gastrostomy:

Daily Care of a gastrostomy Button:
http://www.chsys.org/check/homecare/page2.html ******************************************************

Jejunostomy:

Laparoscopic Jejunostomy, Photo's Pictures and Diagrams:"The laparoscopic jejunostomy can be a very helpful procedure in the management of patients requiring intensive nutritional rehabilitation. It eliminates the risk of aspiration associated with gastrostomy feedings. In addition, this is the preferred enteral administration route in patients whom may require a future procedure requiring gastric integrity such as a patient with an adenocarcinoma of the esophagus."
http://www.transmed.net/lapnet/jejun.htm

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